The following paper presents motivational interviewing. An introduction to motivational interviewing is followed by a discussion of how motivational interviewing can be incorporated with Rogers' client-centered therapy during Phase I, how it can be incorporated with Ellis' Rational Emotive Behavioral Therapy (REBT) in Phase II, and how motivational interviewing can be incorporated with the client-centered approach, REBT, and counseling microskills.
Introduction to Motivational Interviewing (MI)
Motivational Interviewing (MI) is described as a way of being with people that includes the following aspects: collaboration, evocation, autonomy, confrontation, education, and authority. The original MI methods included confrontational methods with applications to addictions, general medical care, health promotion, social work, and corrections. A more recent focus includes behavioral change in general. The MI counseling session includes a partnership between counselor and client that honors the expertise and perspectives of the client. The therapist provides a conducive atmosphere and coercion is avoided. It is assumed that the client has intrinsic resources and motivation for change, which can be enhanced by helping the client to express their goals, values, and perceptions. The right of the client for self-direction and informed choice is maintained. Confrontation is used to help the client become aware of their reality. Education is provided to give the client skills or knowledge needed to change. The counselor informs the client about what must be done but avoids a one-up stance and encourages a partner relationship (Miller & Rollnick, 2002).
Miller and Rollnick (2002) discuss dissonance and consonance within the MI context. They explain that during a MI the two people involved have a sense of moving together or they have a sense of struggling together. The terms consonant and dissonant describe the two poles of this...