Overview of Menopause

Johnson (2003) notes that menopause is the medical term for the end of menstruation which is technically defined as the lack of menstruation for a period of 12 months (in a row) due to a depletion of ovarian follicles (eggs); it is the point at which the ovaries no longer produce estrogen. In the United States, the average age of menopause is 51 years (Jean-Murat, 1999). However, every women is different and it is also natural for some women to experience menopause in their forties and for others to experience it in their sixties (Jean-Murat, 1999).

Paoletti and Wenger (2003) report that menopause can occur for reasons other than the aging process. These reasons can include: medical treatments such as radiation or chemotherapy (which can destroy the egg reserve); various illnesses or conditions such as thyroid disease, abnormalities of the pituitary gland, eating disorders, too little body fat or weight; or systemic conditions such as cancer.

In some cases, menopause can occur because a woman has a hysterectomy. Hysterectomy is the surgical removal of the uterus. Haas and Puretz (2002) report that fi

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