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Maxwell's Rainbow |
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Scottish physicist James Clerk Maxwell discovered the electromagnetic spectrum (Hendry, J., 1986). Maxwell's rainbow reaches from the extremely low frequencies (and gigantic wavelengths) used to communicate with submarines all the way through the frequencies used in radio, television and cellular phones, on up to the frequencies of infrared used in TV remotes and fiber optics, and beyond that to visible and ultraviolet light and X rays (Buchwald, J. Z., 1985). In a fabulous feat of unification, Maxwell reduced the entire spectrum to just four equations in vector calculus (as represented below). He showed that all such radiations move at the speed of light in other words, the wavelength times the frequency equals the speed of light. These equations pulse at the heart of the information economy today. Each of these equations are also been known concurrently and respectively as Faraday=s Law, Ampere=s Circuital Law, Gauss= Law Electric, and Gauss= Law Magnetic (Buchwald, J. Z., 1985). How is Maxwell=s Rainbow or as it is more widely known, the electromagnetic spectrum, being utilized? As a conduit for communications. Virtually all electromagnetic radiation can bear information, and the higher the frequencies, the more room they provide for bearing information (Rothman, 1963). The principle in use since radio began, is to modulate a given frequency in a known manner, and demodulate the frequency at t
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.3m tiny aluminum mirrors, each of them 16 millionths of a metre wide. Behind the mirrors is a memory chip, each cell of which corresponds to one mirror. The operation of electrostatic forces between a mirror and its cell means that loading the electrical equivalent of a A1@ into the cell causes the mirror to tilt 10? in one direction; a A0@ causes it to tilt 10? in the other (DLP, 1998).
When combined with a suitable light source and projection optics, the array of mirrors can project an image. Each mirror acts as a beam steering device, controlling whether a single picture element (pixel) in the image is light or dark. Shades of grey are created by tilting the mirror backwards and forwards thousands of times a second to vary the brightness of the pixel it is projecting. Color is added by using three separate arrays, each fitted with a filter for one of the primariesCred, green and blueCthat, in combination, produce a full color image. The movie streams straight off the hard disk into the mirror arrays, and thence on to the screen. The recent rediscovery of holographic optics may take some of the clutter and bulk out of such devices (ACurtains for celluloid: ... @, 1999).
The Hughes JVC projector uses Aimage light amplificat
Category: Science - M
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