high wages with one company in order to boost wages throughout the industry and thus assist members at different firms. This can lead to a more adversarial relationship between management and unions than is found in Japan.
Union membership is also different between the two countries. At Hitachi, management employees, technical employees and skilled workers all belong to the same union. In England, such employees would not belong to the same employee organization. Skilled and technical employees would most likely belong to different unions, and it is unlikely that management employees would have any union representation at all (Dore 197).
Despite the differences between the way that unions are structured and different composition of members in each union, both the Hitachi union and the unions represented at England Electric see wage bargaining as their primary function. The Hitachi union receives higher dues from its members than the England Electric union, which translates into better union buildings
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