Ward, Donald E. "The Trend Toward Eclecticism and the Development of Comprehensive Models to Guide Counseling and Psychotherapy." Personnel and Guidance Journal (November 1983): 154 57.
Donald Ward describes various paradigmatic models dealing with such topics as metatheory, group work, and client functioning. His article is historiographical in tone, in that he attempts to both describe and comment on major trends in counseling and therapy. In basic terms, Ward describes the major trends in psychotherapy, albeit in brief. His material on group work is the most extensive, and his attention to the process of psychological measurement indicates that there are more relationships between metatheory and group work than previously noted.
One basic weakness in the article is the author's consistent need to overgeneralize the very models he proposes to utilize. Indeed, one might have asked if he had actually studied the authors in question in any great detail.
However, for a basic introduction to the principal theoretical implications within the counseling field, the article is valuable. It is concise, full of additional secondary sources from the major aspects of the literature, and focuses on the principle doctrines of each theory. In this, Ward ignores some relevant material from certain theorists. Nevertheless, this may be considered both a strength and a weakness under the academic requirements and constraints of this article. Hutchins, David E. "Improving the Counseling Relationship." Personnel and Guidance Journal (June 1981).
David Hutchins, who has written several articles on the systematic means of improving the counseling relationship between patient and therapist, has identified the major components of the Thinking, Feeling, and Acting (TFA) method of client/therapist relationships. This article gives the basic methodology of TFA, and shows the therapist and professional how they can better identify the needs of...