Prevention & Treatment of Osteoporosis INTRODUCTION This research provides an ove

OSTEOPOROSIS: DEFINITION AND DEVELOPMENT

Osteoporosis is a "reduction of the total mass of bone, with the remaining bone being fragile or 'brittle'" (Kirschmann, 1989, p. 155). Osteo refers to bone, while porosis indicates porosity (Berger, 1987). Symptoms of osteoporosis include "increased incidence of fracture, pains in the hip and back, and reduced height" (Kirschmann, 1989, p. 155). Osteoporosis develops most frequently in (1) persons over the age of 50 years (Kirschmann, 1989), (2) women (Berger, 1987), (3) people who are smallboned and fairskinned (Berger, 1987), and (4) people of Northern European, Japanese, and Chinese origin (Berger, 1987).

Major causes of osteoporsis are (1) an inadequate intake of calcium over a long period of time (Abravanel, 1985), and (2) an inability of the body to absorb calcium through the

1 2intestine (Kirschmann, 1989). Other causes included (1) a calciumphosphorus imbalance, (2) insufficient exercise, and (3) an absence or deficiency of certain hormones in the body (Kirschmann, 1989). Usually, more than one of these causes is implicated in the development of osteoporosis.

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that perceives the pain. Normal nonpainful sensations also pass through these gates. According to the gate theory, a T.E.N.S. machine causes an increase in 9the intensity of the nonpainful sensations which is sufficient to block to painful sensations (Russell, 1985). The second theory holds that the use of a T.E.N.S. machine increases the release of a natural pain reliever present in the bodyendorphen. Endorphen is produced naturally by the body in blood and spinal fluid. The drug industry is expending vast sums on the development of synthetic endorphen. The body produces the substance naturally; however, and requires only an activating mechanism. A T.E.N.S. machine serves as such a mechanism (Russell, 1985). The T.E.N.S. machine has been demonstrated as being effective in blocking most forms of pain, including that associated with childbirth, surgery, trauma, arthritis, and osteoporosis (Russell, 1985). It should be noted, however, that some pain serves a useful purpose by warning of the presence of serious problems present in the body. Some types of pain, however, serve no useful purpose. Among these useless types of pain are the chronic pain syndrome
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Approximate Word count = 4660
Approximate Pages = 19 (250 words per page)

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