ch of Moses' work under the guide of modernism actually tends to undermine the purposes of effective city planning. Furthermore, Berman charges that many of Moses' most intrusive works lack "beauty of design and human sensitivity" (308). In particular, the Cross-Bronx Expressway that Moses designed is seen as being a destructive element in the New York City environment. The relevance of Berman's opinions can be seen in the insights they provide regarding the motivations of city planners like Moses. In this regard, both corruption and a lack of respect for human concerns are implied by many of Moses' methods. In pointing out these various problems in Moses' work, Berman indicates the negative consequences that arise when human values are not applied to the processes of urban development.
Jane Jacobs' 1961 work The Death and Life of Great American Cities expresses concern over the importance of money in effective city planning. Jacobs' thesis is that money for this purpose is available from a variety of sources; however, such money is usually not used to its best advantage. Jacobs points out that the acquisition of "cataclysmic money" is generally emphasized over that of "gradual money." Thus, city planners are often burdened with having to spend available resources on emergency situations rather than being able to gradually work toward long-term growth and development. In Jacobs' view, this is one of the major problems to be found within the modern processes of city planning. The author points out that the profit motive is not the primary cause of this situation. Rather, she indicates that political factors are most often at play in the allocation of city fu
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