ontends that the two most distinctive characteristics of Latin American industrial relations systems are the legal regulation of employment and working conditions and the very high degree of state intervention in collective labor relations. Historical and cultural factors inherited from Spain and Portugal, including the bureaucracy and legalism of colonial powers, have been the main outside influences.
At the same time, Bronstein (1995) maintains that political modernization beginning in the 1920s set in motion the transfer of political power from the traditional rural oligarchies to an urban bourgeoisie, which sought a tacit alliance with an emerging urban proletariat. Also impacting on the situation were protectionist doctrines adopted from the 1930s onward, providing ideological support for a development strategy of import substitution.
Bronstein (1995) argues that human rights abuses proliferated throughout postcolonial South America in part because authoritarian governments with protectionist economist policies viewed any and all
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