avement; and b) in all grief, there is some element of guilt. A primary element of Fenichel's theory concerns guilt that arises when feelings about the decease are ambivalent (the love-hate relationship) and how this ambivalence can increase the sense of guilt following the death.
(3) Harry Stack Sullivan: Sullivan focused on the psychosocial aspects of grief. He felt that grief allows a person to break free of the bond of attachment. Early socialization is said to affect the degree to which one can successfully break-free of this bond.
(4) George Pollock: Pollock viewed grief as an adaptive mechanism through which psychoemotional balance, lost as a result of the death of the loved one, was restored. If there are many secondary losses (e.g. subsequent loss of a home or a social group), overload can occur resulting in reactions associated with complicated grief.
(5) John Bowlby: According to Bowlby, bereavement occurs in four phases: numbing; yearning and searching; disorganization and despair; and reorganization.
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