ll foreign students that now includes only 21 colleges and universities. Critics of this effort believe that it will erode the civil liberties of students and lead to increased racial profiling of students based on their ethnicity, particularly if they are Middle Eastern or Arab students (Wertheimer, 2001).
An attempt to employ electronic surveillance as well as direct law enforcement interviews of Middle Eastern students is very much an artifact of security concerns generated by the terrorist attack on America. Jacques Steinberg (2001) reported that federal investigators are closely looking into Middle Eastern students, their university activities, their residences, and their social contacts. Many students have been directly questioned by investigators, who are seen as pitting the governmentÆs legitimate interest in security against th
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