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China & Human Rights Issues

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The consensus is that membership in the World Trade Organization (WTO) would be good for China and would benefit the Chinese economy. What is less certain is whether China's membership in the WTO would be good for the rest of the world or would in any way influence China toward democratic reforms as some hope. This issue has been argued for some time in the United States with referee to giving China most favored nations (MFN) status as a trading partner, and now the argument is moving outward to the rest of the world over the WTO. In the U.S., concerns have been raised specifically because of recent Chinese actions such as possible involvement in spying, threats against Taiwan, and even possible involvement in questionable political fundraising.

The MFN debate is illuminating over how different groups view trade with China. MFN status entitles a country to economic preferences granted by the U.S. only to its best trading partners. Goods from countries on the MFN list are allowed into the United States at the lowest possible import tax, which makes the goods more attractive to U.S. consumers. In the Chinese view, winning MFN status is very important. China is one of the United States' major trading partners, selling the U.S. some $19 billion worth of goods each year, and the U.S. in turn sells China more than $6 billion worth of products each year. It is the President who decides which nations will receive MFN status. President Bush granted the status to China for

. . .
anges its view of human rights. In 1992, visiting American business people said it was not their business to discuss human rights with the Chinese, but today many American executives are beginning to do just that, perhaps from a perception that the American public is uneasy with the way China is being given special treatment and perhaps out of a genuine concern that human rights policies are not changing as hoped in the past. The annual debate over MFN brings the issue to light again and again (Gibney 46). The issue was raised most recently with the release of the Cox report, a congressional report from 1999 on Chinese espionage that made numerous allegations: "The report said Chinese agents stole information on every currently deployed thermonuclear warhead in the U.S. arsenal and spirited away classified data on the neutron bomb" (Duffy, Fang, Omestad, Whitelaw, and Newman 28). The WTO debate is tied to the MFN debate in the U.S. because, under WTO rules, the United States must grant China the same trade status as all other WTO members or risk being shut out itself from the trade concessions Beijing offers in order to gain membership (O'Neill). The Chinese take the view that America is only harboring ill feelings abo
. . .

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Approximate Word count = 1471
Approximate Pages = 6 (250 words per page)

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