sychologists will be increasingly supplanted in the role of psychotherapist by lower cost providers such as social workers, marriage and family counselors, and masters-level psychologists.
Based on a review of the history of psychology and psychotherapy, Humphreys suggests that efforts to resist the current changes will be unsuccessful and that the most adaptive coping strategy for clinical psychologists is to take advantage of the transition by re-envisioning training and practice of clinical psychologists.
In other words, due to the pressures of lower earnings and the strong possibility that lower cost providers will supplant the doctoral-level psychologist, it can be expected that the structure of predoctoral internship programs might change. For example, it could be that more internship programs will be provided and used by managed care facilities to supplant some or most of its doctoral-level psychologists. What this means is that trainees in internships over-viewed by a few doctoral-level psychologists might be a way in which managed care programs increasingly try to control costs.
There are indications that, at least at the predoctoral internship level, psychological testing training may be greatly reduced as a program component. This because of the lower reimbursement rate for testing services under managed care programs, (Acklin, 1996).
It seems reasonable to suppose that the nature of training provided in predoctoral internships might also be likely to change with those treatment strategies associated with e
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