Early Loss of a Mother & Depression Introduction There is ample

Further, the authors observed a particularly high rate of adult depression among those whose mothers died before they were 6 years of age; the degree of adult depression was also observed to be significantly associated with a measure of childhood helplessness (the more helpless girls felt in terms of their bereavement, the greater their adult levels of depression). However, there was no such link of either adult disorder or childhood helplessness with age at loss under 6 years for those losing a mother by separation. According to the authors, evidence indicated that experience with the mother before the loss (usually affected by ongoing illness) explained the link of adult depression or anxiety with her early death.

Similarly, McLeod (1991) found that the early loss of a parent was strongly associated with childhood depression in both men and women with the association being stronger for women. Relevant to the topic of this review, McLeod (1991) also observed that perceived quality of subjects' marriages was directly related to depression experienced in connection with parental loss.

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nal disruption of a previous fundamental relationship through the death of a parent in the first few years of their marriage. The sample subjects were composed of men and women (N=90) who had lost the other parent in childhood and men and women (N=30) who had no childhood history of parental loss. Jacobson and Ryder (1969) found that those men and women who had lost their parents at early ages tended to have strong difficulties maintaining trust and/or resolving anger in their relationships. There was marked difficulty maintaining closeness even in non-intimate relationships. Family systems are composed of several interpersonal and fairly intimate relationships. Therefore some of the research on the effects of childhood bereavement on intimate relationships in adulthood have focused on the intimate relationships that comprise the family system, e.g. parent-child relationships. One family relationship was conducted by Rozendal (1983) who stated that findings suggested that early death of a parent may not affect men and women's adult concepts of family as strong as that of early divorce. In his study, Rozendal (1983) surveyed 125 undergraduates from families of divorce, families of death of a parent, and of intact familie
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