France, however, were made to believe that these powers would be retained by themselves through popular vote. They overwhelmingly approved the new document and Napoleon was on his way to conquer the globe.
In 1801 Napoleon believed that his cause would be better advanced if he managed a reconciliation with the Roman Catholic Church. Napoleon negotiated a covenant with the Pope ". . . which reunited Church and state" (Lerner 713). The agreement relinquished all claims the Church had on lands in France and ensured the Catholic clergy of an income from the state. In essence this agreement paved the way to Napoleon's having the Church sanction his crowning as Emperor Napoleon I. He crowned himself Emperor at the Notre Dame cathedral in 1804 (Lerner 714). Duly crowned he began his campaigns of war in Europe.
After numerous campaigns, some successful, some not, Napoleon put in motion his plan to conquer Spain and Portugal. In order to conquer Portu
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