Several Essays

humans are motivated by unsatisfied needs, and that lower needs have to be satisfied before higher needs can be satisfied (Maslow's, 1997). Maslow believed that people were basically trustworthy, self-protecting and self-governing and that they tend towards growth and love. He believed that violence and other evils occur when human needs are thwarted. Maslow ranked the hierarchy of needs with physiological needs at the bottom, followed by safety needs, love needs, esteem needs and finally self-actualization. For employers, this means giving their employees a comfortable, safe place to work, and treating them respectfully, helping build their self-esteem and allowing them to self-actualize on the job.

McGregor had a similar theory but he believed there were two types of people who needed two different management styles: authoritarian management or participative management (Gwynne, 2004). In the authoritarian management style, he believed people dislike work and avoid it when they can; they must be forced to work towards company objectives by threat of punishment if they don't; and they prefer to be directed, to avoid responsibility, are unambitious, and want security above all else. Those who fare better with participative management put effort into their work naturally; apply self-control and self-direction to pursue company objectives; and their commitment to objectives is partly a function of the rewards the

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ularly young men in their 20s and 30s. Yet according to the federal Household Survey of 1998, most current illicit drug users are White - 9.9 million, compared to 2 million Blacks and 1.4 million Hispanics. Despite these figures, Blacks constituted 36.8 percent of arrests for drug violations, and over 42 percent of those in federal prison for drug violations were African American. Thirteen percent of all adult African American males have been disenfranchised because of felony convictions (Drug, 2004. This represents one-third of all the disenfranchised population and reflects a rate of disenfranchisement seven times the national average. As many as one in three Black males aged between 20 and 29 years of age is under correctional supervision or control. In 2001, the chances of going to prison were highest for a Black male (32.2 percent) and lowest for a White male (5.9 percent). The average federal drug offense sentence for Blacks is 49 percent higher than for Whites. As further evidence, look at the convicts now being freed from death row after DNA tests have finally been carried out and proven them innocent, often after they have spent more than a decade or even two behind bars. Look at the racial characteristi
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Approximate Word count = 2042
Approximate Pages = 8 (250 words per page)

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