Feminist Issues
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In 1966, the National Organization for Women (NOW) declared in its Statement of Purpose that women must be free to "develop their fullest human potential," and that they could do so only by "accepting to the full the challenges and responsibilities they share with all other people in our society" (Donovan, 1992, p. 25). This statement is infused with the ideology of liberalism. Women, it says, must be free to develop their "human potential," with the implication that the common humanity they share with "all other people" (i.e. men) is much more fundamental than any distinct identity as women. Feminism as we know it developed originally as a logical development of Enlightenment liberal ideology, even if, in modern times, radical feminists have emerged to severely criticize the tenets of liberalism, and therefore the liberal form of feminism itself. The remainder of the following essay will first develop the original identity of liberal feminism as an aspect of broader liberal thought. This analysis will be expanded through evaluation of the works of Mary Wollstonecraft and John Stuart Mill, and liberal feminism will then be considered in the context of radical feminist critiques. Finally, the assumptions of both liberal and radical feminists will te bested against the experience of two nineteenth-century women, Harriet Jacobs and Charlotte Perkins Gilman, as these experiences are revealed through their autobiographical or quasi-autobiographical writings.
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onecraft's day expected of women were not unlike those the courts of an earlier--and, in Enlightenment eyes, irrational
--age assigned to dependent males. Wollstonecraft might well have point out (though she did not) that dependent males, much like the conventional women of her day had been highly visible in the courts of strong female rulers like Elizabeth I ... and that Elizabeth took care not to entrust important tasks to them.
All of these deficiencies of women in her own day, Wollstonecraft argues, are entirely the consequence of inappropriate education. Indeed, no theme is more constant in the Vindication than the importance of giving women an education founded upon rational principles, an education that will enable them to develop what NOW called their "fullest human potential." It is to a specific program of education that she turns in the final section of her work.
This education is, for all practical purposes, identical or nearly so to the education then regarded as appropriate for males. It is largely for that reason, for example, that she proposes the then-radical idea of coeducation (Wollstonecraft, 1792/1992, p. 289). Only in the final stage of "trade school" would girls be taught traditionally female cra
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Some common words found in the essay are:
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Approximate Word count = 2845
Approximate Pages = 11 (250 words per page)
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