History & Structure of the United Nations
After World War I, an idea was formulated that
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After World War I, an idea was formulated that had the diplomatic intentions of mediating governmental conflicts and keeping world peace. Unfortunately for many, that organization did not become an effective international tool, and the conflicts in the 1920s and 1930s resulted in the rise of fascism and, ultimately, World War II. At the heart of the League of Nations was the desire for an international conference, made up of all the nations of the world, that would help to buffer any disagreements and have the power to resolve tense situations and prevent war. There were many reasons that the League failed, among which the failure of the United States to join and support the organization has reigned supreme. Whatever the reason, however, the idea of the League and the organizational precedents it engendered, led to the formation of a new world conference system called the United Nations.1This paper will provide an overview of the history and structure of the United Nations, elaborate on its functions and present day membership, and conclude with an analysis of its effectiveness and viability for future success or failure under the rubric of an international governmental system. 1 See Amry Vandenbosch and Williard N. Hogan, The United Nations: Background, Organization, Functions, Activities, (Westport: Greenwood Press, 1970), 70 4. From almost the beginning of the Second World War, with the lessons learned from the failure of the League of N
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tions, this primarily means that the Charter is focused toward the goal of international peace and security. In effect, this means that any hint of aggression, whether by member nations or not, is perceived as a direct threat to world peace and should be dealt with accordingly.
The first of the six organs of the U.N., the General Assembly, consists of all members of the United Nations, and is the only one of the principal organs for which this is true. It may be characterized as the body of the U.N., and is the place where all member nations meet to discuss various problems. The Security Council is composed of eleven members of the United Nations, with China, France, the Soviet Union, Great Britain, and the United States as the permanent members. These five were chosen because of their international position after World War II, and have the power to veto legislation
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7 Vandenbosch and Hogan, 95.
and form the crux of any major decision by the U.N.8
The remaining four groups of the United Nations are the Economic and Security Council, the organ that deals with the improvement of economic life worldwide; the Trusteeship Council, which functions as an auxiliary organ to the General Assembly by supervisi
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Approximate Word count = 1966
Approximate Pages = 8 (250 words per page)
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