Terrorist Activities Findings We have seen that in the cour

The single deadliest terrorist act of recent years was arguably the midair bombing and destruction of Pan Am Flight 103, which led to the deaths of all aboard the aircraft as well as several people in the town of Lockerbie, Scotland, where the plane crashed to earth--a total of nearly three hundred lives lost in all, as well as the destruction of the plane (Emerson, 1990). In further indirect consequence, Pan American Airlines was hastened into bankruptcy, in part due to the bad publicity resulting from the bombing, and in part due to the prospective insurance and other costs associated with the loss of Flight 103.

Yet the bombing of Pan Am 103 brought no perceptible political benefits to those who carried it out. The ultimate measure of the bombing's ineffectiveness as a political act is that the exact identity of the bombers has never been established to general satisfaction. The United States government blamed Libya, and demanded the extradition of two Libyan intelligence officers alleged to be behind the bombing. Other observer

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This anxiety was reflected in, among other things, much heightened coverage (if mostly negative coverage) of Islam and Islamic issues in the West. The higher profile of militant Islam in the West was, in turn, reflected back to the Muslim world by the Western media megaphone. Young men throughout the Muslim world, alienated and alarmed by encroaching Westernization and their own continuing poverty and powerlessness, were made aware that militant Islam was an effective channel through which they could express their frustrations. Their actions (e.g., joining Hezbollah in Lebanon, or the Muslim Brotherhood in Egypt, and participating in the terrorist or other militant actions of these groups, then triggered new waves of Western anxiety--and further news coverage--and thus encouraged further recruitment to these groups, and to the Islamic militant cause in general ... leading to still further dramatic actions, more news coverage, further recruitments, and so on in a snowballing effect. "Propaganda by the deed," then, depends fundamentally on the cogency of the message contained by the propaganda. In most of the Islamic world, which is largely Sunni, the specifically Shia content of the Iranian revolution had relatively little
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Middle Eastern, Israeli PLO, Western Christendom, Munich Olympics, Iran American, American Airlines, Fatah Arafat, Likewise Iranian, Hamas Loss, Arab Islamic, palestinian terrorism, middle eastern, pan 103, tehran embassy, muslim world, iranian revolution, embassy hostage, hostage crisis, islamic militancy, tehran embassy hostage, bombing pan 103, grosscup 1991, embassy hostage crisis, middle eastern terrorism, oxford university press,
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Approximate Pages = 21 (250 words per page)