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Several Essays on Crimes 1. The maximalist

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1. The maximalist position argues that an overlooked problem is reaching epidemic proportions and that dire consequences will occur if it is ignored and unless drastic steps are taken. The minimalist position, conversely, holds that the maximalist position is grossly inflated for self-serving or special interest group purposes (Karmen, 2004). Minimalists argue that spending more money and effort on a problem is not warranted by its rate or incidence, whereas the maximalist position holds that if such efforts are not made a bad problem will worsen.

In the case of missing children, maximalists argue that under-reporting has occurred and that kidnapping of children has become frighteningly common. Minimalists believe that the true score of this problem is blown out of proportion by legitimately frightened parents. In the case of child abuse, similar views prevail and minimalists further suggest that expanding the definition of "abuse" to include parental disciplinary measures that are not inherently abusive has exaggerated the issue and that increased reporting presents an inaccurate picture of a problem that is not increasing per se (Karmen, 2004). With respect to spouse abuse, data tends to support the maximalist position that domestic violence is an extremely serious problem demanding social and governmental action; minimalists believe that data support the position that the incidence of such abuse is over-rated and that domestic violence is declining in frequency o

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tice, and sue them for all that they can get. Prosecutors have less range of action and may make tradeoffs between pursuing a case in criminal court aggressively or settling for a lesser plea and a lower sentence. Victims who sue in civil court can choose their own attorneys, participate in developing a strategy, achieve full or partial reimbursement in the form of punitive and actual damages, and may be more likely to win a judgment in civil court than they are to secure a conviction in criminal court because the standard of proof is lower and less demanding (Karmen, 2004). Civil suits are more likely to be settled in favor of a victim once an abuser has been found guilty in a criminal court. Successful suits help victims feel vindicated and victims can teach perpetrators the lesson that crime does not pay. However, civil proceedings are independent of criminal proceedings and are fought at the victim's expense without the backing of government and its enormous resources (Karmen, 2004). Victims often must put their lives on hold for years due to the lengthy litigation process and must continue to be involved to some degree with their opponents. The victims may need to relive the crime once more while testifying and
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Approximate Word count = 2681
Approximate Pages = 11 (250 words per page)

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