Ku Klux Klan in 1920s Urban America IN U

The rise of the Klan in the 1920s occurred during the 19211925 period (Horn, 1989). Klan membership, acceptability, and influence plummeted subsequent to 1925 (Sims, 1991). The reasons for the rise of the Klan during the firsthalf of the decade are closely intertwined with events and developments that occurred from the mid1880s through 1920, particularly those that occurred from 1915 through 1920, as well as with those that occurred from 1921 through 1925 (Ingalls, 1979). Thus, the examination of the rise of the Klan during the 1920s requires a consideration of relevant events and developments that occurred from the mid1880s through 1920.

In the United States of the 1920s, black Americans were referred to as Negroes. Terms such as blacks, African Americans, and so forth were not used. Thus, in this research, the term Negroes is used to denote black Americans.

By the end of the nineteenth century, the Ku Klux Klan was a moribund organization (Newton and Newton, 1991). The military crackdown on the Klan in South Carolina by President Ulysses Grant dealt a near death blow to the organizatio

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the new arrivals from the AngloSaxon whites in the United States, and subjected the Roman Catholic church, as well as the various ethnic population groups to continued hostile attitudes on the part of AngloSaxon America (Marty, 1986). As an increasing number of priests and nuns were drawn from the country's ethnic population, white Protestant America increasingly viewed the Roman Catholic church as a foreign institution (Marty, 1986). Criminal reputations of Italian and Irish communities, which were predominantly Roman Catholic, strengthened the AngloSaxon bias against both the ethnic groups and the Roman Catholic church. Whether deserved or not, these reputations were pervasive in American society. America's ethnic populations were concentrated in the country's citiesprimarily Northern cities. When the cities began to experience significant social problems, AngloSaxon America viewed the Roman Catholic church as a part of the problem, as opposed to a part of the solution. The Roman Catholic ethnic minorities in the urban centers of the North became the prime targets of the Ku Klux Klan in the early1920s. The Klan did not change its outlook on the Negro. The Negro in urban areas simply was not as valuable a target
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