Juan Peron & the Reshaping of Argentina

The book is composed of ten essays, plus an epilogue by Turner and a chronology of Peron's career. The essays by Peter Smith, Manuel Mora y Araujo, and Wayne Smith study the historical factors of Peron's career, including his ascension to the Presidency, his fall from power and exile, and his return to power. Antonio Donini examines the relationship of the church in Argentina and politics in that country. Editor Turner contributes an essay on the conflicts between the major elite groups in the country. Roberto Guimaraes examines the impact of terrorism. Jose Miguens, along with editing the book, offers an essay on the 1973 elections and the role of ideology therein, while Gary Wynia and Juan D'Abate examine the role of labor and the workers in the same election. Marysa Navarro studies the role of Peron's wife Eva in the changing political/social agenda in Argentina. Turner's epilogue summarizes Peron's career and its impact on the development of the nation of Argentina in the modern era.

The various authors represent an array of cultural and political perspectives, the editors point out, but "it is clear that a continuity does indeed run through them. While they are frequently critical of particular policies or orientations of Peron and his followers, the authors are strongly convinced of the importance of Peronism, not

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ay for the eventual candidacy of another woman, Isabel Martinez de Peron") (pp. 30-31). Peron was able to maintain a loyalty among workers, despite the fact that he was able to deliver on only a limited number of his pledges to them. Wynia and D'Abate note this worker loyalty and D'Abate concludes his essay with these words: "Juan Peron, the movement that he led, and the growth of organized labor in Argentina have created a situation in which this message, this emphasis on social and economic quality and on assisting the deprived, cannot be ignored" (p. 73). Peron might not have been able to fulfill his promises to the workers, but the workers believed he was doing his best, and that he was the only leader speaking sincerely to their needs. Donini's article on the relationship between Peron and the church reveals an ambiguity on the part of both parties. Peron was not above using church support whenever possible, but he was quick to turn his back on the church after being elected. The church made two alliances with Peronism, in 1945 and 1972, but as Donini concludes, "one finds no glimpse of a dominant line in Argentine Catholicism" (p. 91). Wayne Smith chronicles the incredible events which brought Peron back to power i
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Approximate Word count = 1573
Approximate Pages = 6 (250 words per page)