latives has been developed by the Texas Education Agency (1994). The purpose of the document is to assist teachers and other school personnel in the planning and teaching of the eighth grade mathematics course which, as part of its methodology, uses manipulatives.
(1) Overview of Grade 8 Mathematics (mission statement, purpose and philosophy, goals, National Council of Teachers of Mathematics' Professional Standards for Teaching Mathematics, and uses of technology and manipulatives);
(2) Essential Elements of Instruction and Learning Objectives;
(3) Texas Assessment of Academic Skills (TAAS) (focus, domains, objectives, targets, and instructional strategies); TAAS features three domains: concepts, operations, and problem solving. The Essential Elements are: problem solving; patterns, relations, and functions; number and numeration concepts; operations and computation; measurement; geometry; and probability, statistics, and graphing.
(4) Sample Lessons for Teaching Grade 8 Ma
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