TOBACCO LEGISLATION This research paper summari

Since the Supreme Court broke up the American Tobacco trust in 1911, which it found to be a combination engaged in unreasonable restraint of trade and commerce under the Sherman Anti-Trust Act of 1890, the American tobacco industry "remained under the control of the giants," a small number of large corporations with oligopoly market power. The first manufactured, mass-marketed cigarettes, Camels, were introduced in 1913 by R.J. Reynolds. The cigarette was an enormously successful consumer product which suited the temper of the times, much more popular than other tobacco products such as cigars and chewing tobacco. Kluger says that

"in the relative mildness of its aroma and convenience of its use, the smaller, quicker smoke was proving a good deal less objectionable to an increasingly urbanized society . . . by the second decade of the century, the cigarette was becoming the smoke of choice in high as well as low society."

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ted Clean Indoor Air Acts in the 1970s included Minnesota, Arizona, Utah, Nebraska and Montana. San Francisco in 1985 became the first city to require businesses to accommodate non-smokers in offices, even that mean banning smoking in offices. Many other states and localities have since adopted similar laws and ordinances. In the 1980s 13 states raised their excise taxes on cigarettes. By then 44 states banned the sale of cigarettes to underaged persons, usually under 18. George Bush's Secretary of Health & Human Services, Louis Sullivan called on all states to follow Massachusetts' tough new law enforcing the underage smoking ban. Whatever the scientific merits of the studies on the ill effects of second hand smoke, they had the effect of enlisting the majority of Americans who were non-smokers against the smokers. As Kluger puts it, "there was a clear lowering of tolerance for smokers." Except for Koop and his allies in the bowels of HEW, the Reagan administration was apathetic about doing much of anything about the health hazards of cigarette smoking. FTC Chairman James Miller said "if people want to smoke that's their business." Bipartisan opposition to the industry's excesses, however, began to appear in the Congres
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Some common words found in the essay are:
Bruce Lindsey, Litigation Tort, Philip Morris, Republicans Democrats, Committee Counsel, American Tobacco, Pathological Institute, Advertising Acts, Joseph Califano's, Congress Spring, quoted citation, tobacco companies, cigarette smoking, lung cancer, tobacco industry, philip morris, tobacco products, nicotine addictive, food drug, district court, wave tobacco litigation, federal district court, consumer product safety, private law suits, journal american medical,
Approximate Word count = 5149
Approximate Pages = 21 (250 words per page)