VICTIMOLOGY This research paper discusses victi

Origins of victimology science and the victim's rights movement. According to Elkenberry (1989), "in the middle ages, victims [of crimes] engaged in primitive blood feuds with their criminal offenders" (p. 21). Until the late 19th century in England and in some American states, crime victims had a right of private prosecution. As, Anglo-American jurisprudence evolved, however, the state assumed the entire burden of prosecution. Elkenberry (1989) says that "victimology emerged as a science in the 1940s and 1950s and by the late 1950s, international discussion focused on proposals to compensate victims of crime" (p. 22). California in 1965 and New York in 1966 were the first two states to enact legislation providing for public compensation to c

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a) (p. 47). Other common exclusions are failure of victims to cooperate with law enforcement, slowness in presenting claims or the availability of private insurance coverage. Under VOCA, victims have the right to confer with prosecutors and to be informed of all court proceedings from bail hearings through conviction, sentencing, imprisonment and release of the offender. According to Roland (1989, p. 53), 21 states, including New York (Executive Law ? 647), permit victims to participate in plea bargaining processes, 17, not including New York, have mandatory court attendance rights for victims, and 38 permit victims to participate in parole hearings. Victim Involvement in Court Proceedings. Roland (1989) says that 1984 surveys indicated that "victims are extremely dissatisfied with their level of participation in the criminal justice system" (p. 53). Former Chief Justice Warren Burger warned in the case of Morris v. Slappy (1983) that "in the administration of criminal justice, courts may not ignore the concerns of victims" (Acker, 1992, January-February, p. 71). Under VOCA, victims have the right to attend all court proceedings, including sentencing hearings, unless the judge finds that their attendance might prejudice t
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Some common words found in the essay are:
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Approximate Word count = 4320
Approximate Pages = 17 (250 words per page)