Sessile Organisms

Sackville Hamilton et al. (19) have observed that it has been difficult to assign a role--and even a consistent name--to describe acceptably the individual when this concept is examined from the viewpoints of animal and plant biologists. Individual clonal units are generally reviewed in terms of genets (the result of mitotic growth derived from a single zygote), and modules (the multicellular 'iterative unit', seen during the process of genet growth). Ramets or individuals that share the same genotype for all polymorphic loci can be described as a clone (11). This nomenclature impacts studies of clonal organisms in several ways. Reproductive success can be measured in terms of successful growth of genets, modules or both. Fitness can be examined similarly, with genetic descendants ari

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bility, with longer stolons produced in response to nutrient-poor conditions and fewer, more compact ones in favorable ones. In this way, clones tended to consolidate their growth within rich habitats, and to increase the probability of escaping the poorer niches by growing past them. The effects of environmental heterogeneity on the growth of clonal organisms has been studied in a multitude of species. Dushyantcha and Hutchings (6) exposed the clonal herb Glechoma to a variety of test environments, including two different soil types and concluded that growth response was related to the scale of heterogeneity encountered by the plant, i.e., the patchiness of the foraging area. Measurements of root:shoot ratios and overall changes in biomass revealed that in this herb, growth is modified, with coarse-grained foraging displayed when habitat patches were large. When forced to grow into habitats of extreme patchiness, plants behaved as though the niche were uniformly or homogeneously poor. This response to the frequency of habitat heterogeneity led the authors to propose a time-factor of response, where plants might be unable to adequately to detect such changes and adjust their morphology rapidly enough to confront swiftly changin
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Some common words found in the essay are:
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Approximate Word count = 3061
Approximate Pages = 12 (250 words per page)