HEALTH-CULTURE BELIEFS Introduction An unders

United States Health-Culture Beliefs

To a society like that of the United States, which is technological in nature, the process of childbirth continually questions boundaries between the American culture and nature. Americans peruse control over birth. Obstetrical procedures such as electronic fetal monitoring, episiotomies, the lithotomy position, and the Cesarean section can be viewed as resulting responses to this control versus nature, which will not be controlled, conflict. The American culture views man as superior to nature. Man is seen as able to discover, understand, and intervene with the laws by which events proceed. Since natural childbirth can be seen as a threat, birth is removed from everyday life and walled off in hospitals. The performance of obstetrical rituals allow the obstetrician to begin to take control with the predictable pattern of mechanical processes. These rituals may result in traumatizing or empowering the birt

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) reports on childbirth in Yemen. Contrary to that which is assumed, birth attendants do not appear to be women with specialized knowledge and experience of assistance at deliveries. This can result in problematic health care, particularly regarding safe and clean deliveries. The term jidda literally means grandmother and it is often the grandmother who does assist at the delivery. Yemen women receive childbirth assistance from within a network of neighbors and related women. In this area, it is important to realize that assistance is provided by anyone who is available and not afraid to cut the cord. Training needs to focus not on one or two people; less sophisticated training needs to be directed to all women with some experience in conducting deliveries. Postpartum Values Women not only need support during childbirth, but also during the weeks and months that follow. This support involves financial and practical assistance as well as social and emotional help. Park and Dimigen (1994) compare social support systems in Korea (extended family system) with that of Scotland (nuclear family system) after childbirth. Social support has been defined as including socializing, emotional reassurance, practical help, social re
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Approximate Pages = 7 (250 words per page)