ng irrigation canals and other delivery channels (Hopwood 129).
Fundamentally, a dam erected in a stream changes the stream. Upstream, at least through the slack-water pool, there is no river anymore, and downstream the river is either a dry bed or is subject to a highly controlled flow regimen. Chapter 5 of Waterbury's study of the Nile is called "The Nile Stops at Aswan" (116-153). [While the Nile is a much different river below Aswan than it used to be, it is still a major river--for 1,200 more km to the Mediterranean Sea (Waterbury 14-15).]
All dams have as one of their subplots the storage of water to stabilize water supply for domestic purposes, irrigation, hydroelectric power, or some other purpose(s) during periods of drought. Hudson and Hazen have written pages about droughts and how to measure them, but they acknowledge that "in Egypt, any year that the Nile does not flood is a drought, regardless of rainfall" (18-1). The part of Egypt in which the lower Nile lies, including Aswan, is not just an
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