CHILD ABUSE Introduction This research discus

In 1987, there were 2,178,000 reported cases of suspected child abuse and neglect in the United States; many other cases go unreported. Research shows that maltreated children are affected physically, socially, cognitively, and emotionally. Families with physical abuse or neglect are at high risk for repeated maltreatment. In a national child abuse program evaluation, of 1,724 families studied, 30 percent were reported to severely abuse or neglect their child during treatment; in a second evaluation, more than 50 percent of the adults were judged likely to mistreat their children in the future. Although both these studies lack comparison groups and unbiased outcome measures, findings support that the recurrence of child maltreatment is a major problem (MacMillan & Thomas, 1993).

Parents prone to abuse have been shown to lack appropriate knowledge of child-rearing, and they have abnormal expectations of their children; they lack an understanding of their relationship with infants. Parents lack parent coping and stress management skills. Abused ch

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e visiting protocol by at least 75 percent of the participating families, and to develop a method to gather data on the recurrence of maltreatment. A previous study found that home visitation improved the parent-child interactions; this study was retrospective, uncontrolled, with subjective biased outcome assessment. Two other studies have demonstrated that home visitation is effective in preventing child physical abuse and neglect for disadvantaged families with low socioeconomic status, single-parent families, and families with teenaged parents (MacMillan & Thomas, 1993). Originally experts proposed that home visitation would provide a means of enhancing the parent-child relationship through education and support. Developmentally-oriented home visitation programs provided to low-income families have resulted in significant cognitive and social development among infants. These findings help provide insight into the effects of child abuse and the need for home visitation as a tertiary preventive intervention (MacMillan & Thomas, 1993). Trials of prenatal and infancy home visitation reveal characteristics of success: programs need to be based on an ecological framework with multiple factors; visitors need to visit often to
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Approximate Pages = 7 (250 words per page)

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