hile recent Supreme Court rulings appear to uphold affirmative action to at least some extent, realistic expectations are of lawsuits and close scrutiny of how it will be applied at most colleges.
Malveaux (2003) reports that while at least some of those opposing affirmative action view it as nothing more than ôreverse discriminationö this perspective is woefully misguided given that the racial economic gap remains high and unemployment among blacks is inching up toward double the national average. She notes that it is only affirmative action policies which can ensure an African-American presence at todayÆs top colleges and universities; and she warns that the fight is far from over. Thus, while the impact of the Civil Rights Movement has opened educational doors wide in the last 50 years, it has not opened all doors and a fight remains to be waged.
Luks (2003) reports that the Civil Rights Movement not only brought many African-Americans into political power and office but it also formed a close association between the Democratic party and Blacks. However, starting in the 1990s, Luks states that there has been a slight, albeit substantial, movement away from the two major
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