hus offering the opportunity for us to transcend the limits imposed by nature on hereditary processes. Using these techniques, scientists can manipulate genes individually by directly modifying the DNA molecules in which genetic information is encoded. This means that the technique has the potential to transform the genes of all species into a global resource that can be used to shape novel life forms obedient to the scientist rather than to the dictates of natural selection (Suzuki and Knudtson 115-116).
The sorts of genetic changes science has been seeking can be seen in the recently announcement by a combination of U.S. and British researchers that they have genetically engineered sheep and goats to secrete drugs in their milk as a means of giving the biotech industry a streamlined means for producing many pharmaceuticals. The livestock produced in this manner are called transgenics because their cells contain foreign genes which direct the production of proteins with medicinal purposes. Goats developed at Tufts University and Genzyme Corporation in Cambridge, Massachusetts, for example, bear the
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