Cuba and U.S. Security
Cuba has long been considered a ma
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Cuba has long been considered a major security threat to the United States because of its Communist-led government under Fidel Castro. Castro came to power after leading a coup in 1959. Relations between Cuba and the United States have passed through several different levels since that time, but for most of the period, the U.S. has treated Cuba as a region to be shunned and has refused to normalize relations or to allow trade with Cuba. Events such as the shooting down of some anti-Castro group airplanes caused even more tension and efforts to force other countries to conform to U.S. policy as well, with mixed results. The greatest point of tension in this history was not with Cuba itself but with the Soviet Union over the Cuban Missile Crisis in 1962. The Communist government in Cuba has claimed success in reforming agrarian policies and in achieving a fairer and more equal society, but in fact there is considerable evidence that the government has failed, that the economy is a shambles, and that the people are worse off today than they were before the coup in 1959. The end of World War II led to the beginning of a different kind of war, the Cold War, an enduring ideological battle between the democratic West and the Soviet bloc. The United States emerged from the war as the strongest power in the world, and the Soviet Union intended to challenge that strength. There were signs of tension between the U.S. and the Soviet Union before the
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the time:
The real history of the missile crisis has been coming out bit by bit for years, partly from Soviet sources and now from secret U.S. documents released by the CIA. Taken as a whole, that history is far less reassuring than the more familiar version. It is a story of blunder, miscalculation and dumb luck.
The missile crisis had its immediate origins in the Bay of Pigs fiasco and in the arms race between the superpowers. The Bay of Pigs occurred some two years previously and convinced Khrushchev that Kennedy would back down if confronted. The attempted invasion may even have convinced Khrushchev that Cuba needed Soviet protection from another U.S. invasion. The primary motivation was strategic, however, for Khrushchev knew, as did the United States, that the Soviet Union was far behind the U.S. in missiles, bombers, and deliverable nuclear warheads. At the time, analysts believed that the Soviets had no more than 44 operational intercontinental ballistic missiles and 155 long-range bombers, while the United States had 156 such missiles, 144 sub-launched Polaris missiles, and 1,300 strategic bombers:
Deploying medium-range missiles in Cuba gave Soviet forces a significant increase in the number of warheads t
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Approximate Word count = 3911
Approximate Pages = 16 (250 words per page)
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