Pollution Problems
INTRODUCTION
Many contemporary natural
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Many contemporary natural resource problems are attributable to use practices that are both wasteful and polluting. Two natural resource problem areas characterized by a particular cogency in the mid-1990s are water and energy--both electrical energy and the use of fossil fuels to generate forms of energy other than electrical. Wasteful and polluting use practices lead to reductions in the supply of usable water, as well as to increased costs associated with the maintenance of water resources and the delivery of usable water to consumers. Wasteful and polluting practices lead to similar outcomes in relation to energy. Wasteful uses of energy supplies lead to both supply shortages and to increased costs. Polluting uses of energy and the use of polluting practices in the conversion of fossil fuels to usable forms of energy lead to energy supply reductions and increased costs when legal restraints are placed on such practices. Polluting practices related to both the use of energy and the conversion of fossil fuels into usable forms of energy also frequently lead to adverse effects on water supplies.Wasteful and polluting water and energy use practices are the result, at least in part, of both individual and societal attitudes toward the protection and use of natural resources, and in turn to the behavioral habits that have ensued from these attitudes. This study examined the relationship between consumer attitudes and natural resource waste.
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e polluting activities (Smets, 1989, pp. 10-11). This type of market approach to the protection of the purity of groundwater supplies is being applied in the early-1990s to curtail the pollution of Lake Michigan by agricultural operations (Braden, 1991, pp. 388-397).
One of the principal reasons why environmental protection legislation is difficult to enact and implement is that to do so causes present generations to sacrifice for the benefit (primarily) of future generations. Many politicians and economists contend that most people are unwilling to make such sacrifices voluntarily.
The opportunity costs of resources must be determined, because, as both income and consumption are expected to rise over time, "it is natural to value present consumption more highly than the same absolute amount of consumption benefit" at some future time (Thirlwall, 1993, p. 192). Some economists contend, however, that, if government legislation forced all members of the society to sacrifice to protect the environment, people would eventually be willing to make such a sacrifice because they would see positive outcomes, and they would see that all members of the society, not just themselves, made the sacrifice.
Supporters of this approach conten
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Information Administration, Jerry Hausman, Ground Water, Hartnett Glover, Anderson Leal, Lake Michigan, Howard-Sheth Model, Statement Natural, John Hicks, United Department, consumer behavior, ground water, consumers' surplus, water energy, environmental protection, energy sources, 1992 pp, 1991 pp, ground water contamination, water contamination, energy consumption, concept consumers' surplus, water energy conservation, consumer purchasing behavior, fishbein behavioral intentions,
Approximate Word count = 9676
Approximate Pages = 39 (250 words per page)
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