and unnamed and excluded ônecessitiesö who make the ôwhiteö experience of skiing possible, but who do not participate.
The typical appeals of the ski industry have been based on two ethos that exclude minorities, either the European ethos or the American West ethos. It is in this analysis that Coleman uses both personification and oxymoron to make her point more vivid. She refers to Vail, Colorado, as the ôgranddaddy of destination resorts,ö an image that appeals to the wealthy middle- and upper-classes as an image of white marketing (Coleman 144). She also uses oxymoron to make her argument more forcefully that the ski industry has removed color from its tourism and promotion. As Coleman (144) writes, ôThey did so by creating an attractive image of European ski culture that excluded people of color, helping create and ethnic whiteout on the ski slopes.ö ôEthnic whiteoutö is an oxymo
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