development. There are two routes to success for successful societies, the top-down and the bottom-up approach. For small societies and regions, environmental management that is bottom-up works best in creating common identity and interests along with sustainable growth. For large societies, the top-down approach to environmental management appears to offer the most success, especially for those with a central political organization which tends to promote decisions viable in the long-term.
Custred, G. (2000, Summer). The forbidden discovery of Kennewick man. Academic Questions, 12-30.
In the advances of science and knowledge, Glynn Custred (2000) maintains that political interests, scientific interests, and even ethnic feelings combine and often clash. The Kennewick man case shows these tensions, with Custred (2000) illustrating how one group of interests hopes to bury the remains of this 9,300-year-old skeleton while the other feels samples should be collected in the interest of knowledge. Custred (2000) maintains that this case shows two ôantitheticalö positions and interests. One of these fights for open debate, freedom of scientific inquiry, and rational decision-making by public policymakers. The other side fights for politics of identity, adopts postmodern ôrevisionism,ö and adopts an anti-science perspective, (Custred, 2000).
Daley, D. M., & Layton, D. F. (2004). Policy implementation and the environmental protection agency: What factors influence remediation at superfu
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