English Landscape Painting & Turner

Of the school of English landscape painting during the romantic period, Joseph Mallord William Turner's paintings "�read nature in its terror and grandeur somewhat more often than in its peace and serenity," (Tansey and Kleiner p. 950). Turner received little if any general education but by age fourteen he was enrolled in the Royal Academy of the Arts (Turner p. 1). Turner is consider among the finest of the English romantic painters and is considered a master of watercolor. His "Fishing Boats with Hucksters Bargaining for Fish" (c.1805) demonstrates both his unique reading of nature and romanticism as well as his unsurpassed abilities in watercolor. The work also demonstrates the influence of 17th-century Dutch sea paintings on Turner, paintings to which he was exposed as a youth.

Joseph Turner's father recognized his son's artistic abilities at an early age, often exhibiting his drawings in his shop window. Turner enrolled in the Royal Academy of Arts as a young teen and immediately began a career as an illustrator after three years there. His seascapes often demonstrate the elements of the romantic period in English landscapes but also a unique perspective on nature. Turner's view of nature is often one of awe and insignificance with respect to the relationship between human beings and nature. In Fishing, we see this view of nature as a group of fishermen battle to keep afloat during rough seas. The men, trying to earn a living, are pitted aga

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efine image in a way that enables emotion and subject to come across without concrete shapes and lines. His works tended to become more abstract over time through Turner's efforts to portray all of the emotions of nature through light, space and the basic forces of nature. As Tansey (et al.) explains, this innovation would help pave the way for future art styles and movements, "His discovery of the aesthetic and emotive power of pure color, and his pushing of the fluidity of the medium to a point at which the subject is almost manifest through the paint itself, were important steps toward twentieth-century abstract art, which dispenses with shape and form altogether" (p. 951). Turner's other works also convey this innovative use of color and this unique portrayal of nature in the Romantic era. In Slavers Throwing Overboard the Dead and Dying, Turner uses color to provide a commentary on the slave trade that was based on a real-life incident. Once more, we see a storm at sea, a natural event which the Romantics considered evidence of the struggle between man and nature. A cosmic catastrophe is threatening both the guilty slaver who has behaved and continues to behave inhumanely, and the innocent dead and dying slaves who have

Category: Arts - E