Political Structure of Poland
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Poland is an ancient country that came into existence in the middle of the 10th century. In the 18th century, Russia, Prussia, and Austria partitioned Poland among themselves (Poland 2). Throughout the twentieth century PolandÆs government was disrupted by military conflict and territorial change as well. At the start of WWII, Poland shared a border with six countries until GermanyÆs invasion in 1939 partitioned the country between Germany and the Soviet Union under the Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact (Politics 4). During the war the country functioned through an underground state until 1945, when the Allied Powers met at Yalta and divided Europe. Poland lost nearly fifty percent of its pre-war territory to the Soviet Union and was ôcompensatedö with West German lands, giving it new borders that it shared until the 1990s with only three nations: the Soviet Union, Czechoslovakia, and East Germany (Politics 4). Poland became a parliamentary democracy in the 1990s, a ôcaretaker center-leftö administration that remained in office until parliamentary elections on September 25, 2005 (Politics 4). These elections also replaced President Aleksander Kwasniewski, the head of state, a position with limited executive powers. Lech Kaczynski is PolandÆs new President, elected with 54% of the popular vote over Donald Tusk who garnered 46% (Poland 6). This analysis will provide a discussion of PolandÆs current government structure, including its p
. . .
o the European Court of Justice in Strasbourg.
There are sixteen provinces or administration divisions in Poland, including: Dolnoslaskie, Kujawsko-Pomorskie, Lodzkie, Lubelskie, Lubuskie, Malopolskie, Mazowieckie, Opolskie, Podkarpackie, Podlaskie, Pomorskie, Slaskie, Swietokrzyskie, Warminsko-Mazurskie, Wielkopolskie, and Zachodniopomorskie (Political 14). There are a number of political parties in Poland of significance. The following list represents the most significant political parties and their leaders:
PARTY LEADER
Catholic National Movement (RKN) Antoni Macierewicz
CitizenÆs Platform (PO) Donald Tusk
Conservative Peasants Party (KL) Artur Balazs
Democratic Left Alliance (SLD) Jozef Oleksy
Freedom Union (UW) Wladyslaw Frasyniuk
German Minority/Lower Silesia (MNSO) Henryk Kroll
Law and Justice (PiS) Jaroslaw Kaczynski
League of Polish Families (LPR) Marek Kotlinowski
Movement for Reconstruction (ROP) Jan Olszewski
Peasant Democratic Party (PLD) Roman Jagielinski
Polish Accord (PP) Jan Lopuszanski
Polish Peasant Bloc (PBL) Wojciech Mojzesowicz
Polish Peasant Party (PSL) Jaroslaw Kalinowski
Samoobrona Andrzej Lepper
Social Movement (RS) Krysztof Piesiewicz
Union of Labor (UP) Marek
. . .
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Approximate Word count = 2240
Approximate Pages = 9 (250 words per page)
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