gement guru who is in love with his metaphors, says about 5,000 times in Learning as a Way of Being, contemporary leadership is practiced within an environment that is in a state of ôpermanent white waterö (p. 135). What Vaill (1996) means by the term ôwhite waterÆ is that todayÆs leaders must function within an environment of continuous change. Thus, effective leaders are not people who devise a way to solve a specific problem, and then sit back and assume that they had develop a paradigm that will be valid forever. Rather, effective leaders are people who understand that, in devising a solution to a specific problem, they have:
Learned more about the environment within which they practice leadership
Developed an understanding of what additional learning on thei
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