including stroke. This is likely to most directly impact upon adults (Tagawa, Ono, Shibata, Imai, Suzuki, & Shimizu, 2001).
Significant Case History Information
Haynes and Pindzola (2004) maintain that novice clinicians often experience difficulty in differentiating between dysarthria and apraxia. In deciding which diagnosis is appropriate or in assessing speech disorders in general, it is important to take a complete medical history from the patient, particularly those who have a diagnosis of one of the many degenerative conditions known to negatively impact on the nervous system such as multiple sclerosis, HuntingtonÆs disease, cerebral palsy, brain tumors, or structural defects of the mouth such as cleft lip or cleft palate (Clayman, 1989).
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