1984; Mateo & Fernandez, 1996), p. 28). Thus, the quality of personnel attracted to higher education as a career is of vital importance. The issue of faculty motivation is directly related to the problem. Russell and Pavelich (1996) affirmed that motivation affects acquisition and retention, performance, and assumption of responsibility.
The character of political development in the American Colonies and later (in the early years of the United States), caused the concept of strong national control of education in this country to be rejected (Larson, 1984).
In part because of an absence of national control of higher education in the United States, there was a proliferation of well-established private universities in the eastern part of the country in the Nineteenth Century. Furthermore, all parts of the United States experienced a rapid development of state-funded and operated universities in the Nineteenth Century. A plethora of small private academies and other post-secondary educational insti
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