Anatomy of Swallowing

Thesis: In this paper I will first discuss the anatomical mechanics of swallowing in order to compare normal vs. abnormal swallowing.

A. Oral Cavity: lips, the teeth, hard palate, soft palate, uvula, mandible, lower jaw, floor of mouth, tongue, and faucial arches. (Logemann, 1998)

B. Pharynx: three pharyngeal constrictors; superior, medial, and inferior.

E. Muscles involved in swallowing: There are more than 20 different muscles and few cranial nerves involved; Tensor Palatini Muscle, Levator Palatinin Muscle, Pterygomandibular Raphe, Superior Constrictor Muscle, Middle Constrictor Muscle, Hyoglossus Muscle, Mylohyoid Muscle, Inferior Constrictor Muscle Criocopharyngeus Muscle Thyro-hyoid Muscle.

Cranial Nerves: Trigeminal, Facial, Glossopharyngeal, Vagus, Hypoglossal nerves, The Spinal Accessory Nerve.

III. Normal Swallowing: In order to describe Normal Swallowing we need to discuss the physiology of swallowing as well.

Oral Stage: Tongue, hard palate, soft palate, teeth, a

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Approximate Word count = 799
Approximate Pages = 3 (250 words per page)

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