imsical nature of Gehry's Guggenheim, but modern perspectives on architecture are leaning toward buildings, especially monumental public works, attracting visitors through their playful or pop-art-like designs.
In many ways the International style evolved as a response to the ornate and showy designs of Art Deco. According to one art historian, "One of the strongest and most influential reactions against the Art Deco movement cam from the Swiss architect Le Corbusier" (Design, 1925 1). Le Corbusier's reaction against the ornate and complex designs of Art Deco helped shape the International style. Le Corbusier's design for Villa Savoye clearly expresses his view that a house is a "machine for living in" and furniture is "domestic equipment" (Design, 1925 1). The rise of the machine age and industry helped pave the way for such expressions in architecture, including the advent of large sections of preformed concrete that are characteristic of most designs by Le Corbusier, including Villa Savoye. In contrast, today's innovative technologies and futuristic concepts from stem cell technologies to genetic cloning invite the more futuristic and dramatic flair of Postmodern designs like Gehry's Guggenheim.
The simplification and purity of designs associated with the International style is in contrast to the playful and complex contradictions often witnessed in Postmodern architecture. A response to the formal design of the International style, the Postmodern style ideology was shaped by architect Robert Venturi. Venturi (15-19) helped develop the main tenets of postmodern architecture that show it d
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