Urban Politics

Bosses played an important role in the United States in the late nineteenth century and early twentieth century. Economic bosses like labor contractors and political bosses like Tammany Hall's George Washington Plunkitt epitomized, for better or worse, that era. Merlino (1893) reported on common labor practices and asserted that contractors oppressed laborers, especially Italian immigrants. This is because there were so many men seeking work and contractors took advantage of the situation for their own financial benefit. There were no laws to prevent contractors from requiring a fee before hiring workers and a "contractor [was] sure to depart from the terms of the contract either as to wages, or hours of labor, or the very nature of the work (Merlino, 1893, p. 73)."

Workers were at the mercy of contractors because contractors would demand fees from wo

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Category: Government - U