which point a school of thought regarding the purpose of corrections emerged in which rehabilitation rather than punitive punishment was prominent. According to Bain (2007), this latter theory focuses on providing offenders with multiple services and opportunities that will have the impact of reducing the likelihood of recidivism, providing them with needed social, educational, vocational, and behavioral skills and attitudes that facilitate reentry into the community, and offering follow-up services in the form of probation and parole.
As noted by Friedman (1993), the switch from a retributive justice to a rehabilitation orientation marked a new understanding of some of the sociological causes or antecedents of deviant behavior. Friedman (1993) theorizes that patterns of punishment in societies are linked to wider changes in authority structures, culture, and most significantly, personality. In
...