I. Relationship between eye movements and visual attention and A. Significance on health and disease
2. Visual attention and eye movement
b. temporal aspects of eye movement
II. Effects of eye movements and visual attention in different disease processes
1. Strong correlation with abnormal eye movement, antisaccade performance, visual attention, and verbal working memory deficits
III. Treating people with reading disorders using eye movement training
B. Both methods have an equal success rate
V. Commercial application to advertising.
Neural processing underlying visual attention has been thought to involve the parietal cortex, but its contribution to the process has not been clear. Studies have suggested the lateral intraparietal area (LIP) of the posterior parietal cortex is involved in visual attention based on the phenomenon of attentional enhancement of visual responses (Bisley and Goldberg, 2003, 81). Behaviorally important stimuli are more likely to invoke a response than those which are of lesser importance, and the enhanced response has been attributed to the stimulus itself. However, there are exceptions to this premise, such as when the parietal response is sometimes less to a valid stimulus than to an invalid stimulus, and the probability of perceiving a stimulus at threshold does not depend on the properties of the stimulus but on the subject's attention to it when it appears. Bisley and Goldberg (2003) investigated this phenomenon by correlating responses of neurons in the LIP of monkeys with performance on a new task created to measure the spatial and temporal aspects of attention.
Bisley and Goldberg were not able to ascertain a monkey's locus of attention by measuring the activity of a single neuron in the LIP (2003, 83). Graded responses of the discharge at a given site in LIP provide an attentional priority associated with the object of the subtended receptive field. Th...