percent of cases and others saying it misses as many as one third of cases.
Several treatment options are available for prostate cancer patients. Surgical removal of the prostate (radical prostatectomy) can be performed, but often causes impotence and incontinence. Radiation therapy may cause long term problems of incontinence and diarrhea because of inflammation of the urethra, rectum, and anus. Treatments are available to eliminate the stimulating effects of testosterone on the prostate cancer. These include removing the testicles or giving estrogen. Chemotherapy is another option. Some of the newer treatments for prostate cancer are discussed below.
Bayoumi, Brown and Garber (2000) looked at the cost-effectiveness of various treatments for prostate cancer using a societal perspective and a time line of 20 years. Six androgen suppression strategies were evaluated: diethylstilbestrol (DES), orchiectomy, a nonsteroidal antian
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