as identified by this time with Arabism, and this was apparent as non-Arab Muslims flocked to the faith.
Another important figure in the era immediately after Mohammed was Omar, who "collated the rules by which the prophet had sought to govern his followers" (Nutting 44) in the form of the Koran. He further developed the governmental structure that would rule the empire, and in it he "enshrined the two-fold objective of keeping the faithful pure and the infidel paying" (Nutting 49).
The Quran is the chief foundation of Islam. It serves as the highest authority on doctrine, ethics, and customs. The Five Pillars of Faith represent the practical duties of the Muslim, and there is a secondary division which involves the doctrines to be believed, of which there are also five--that of God, that of the angels as servants of God, that of the books (the Quran, the Pentateuch, the Zabur, and the Injil), that of the prophets, and that of the resurrection on the last day (Soper 215-216).
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