s used in designing and organizing public space. As Harvey (1989) notes, modernists see space as an element to be shaped for social purposes so that it is always making subservient to the construction of a social project (66). Harvey's analysis of modernism and postmodernism shows that both movements have been much influenced not only by strictly artistic considerations but also by technological developments, social movements, political and economic realities, and so on. He notes, for example, that postmodern architecture has its roots in two significant technological shifts: the collapsing of the usual boundaries of time and space by contemporary communications, producing both a new internationalism and strong internal differentiations within cities and societies based on place, function, and social interest; and the dissolution of the need to conjoin mass production with mass repetition, allowing flexible mass production with mass repetition.
Harvey says that postmodernists see space as something independent and autonomous, while modernists see space as being shaped for social purposes. These attitudes may be related to the technological ability to produce a massive public structure which would organize space for social purposes. Berman (1990) notes that the modernists wanted to rid themselves of old entanglements in order to recreate the self and the world in a new form. Berman says that being modern "is to experience personal and social life as a maelstrom, to find one's world and oneself in perpetual disintegration and renewal, trouble and anguish, ambiguity and contradiction" (345).
Both modernism and postmodernism are reactions to change, with modernism reacting to the rapidity of technological and social change at the end of the nineteenth century, while p
...