next step was to go beyond stimulus and response:
No account of the interchange between organism and environment is complete until it includes the action of the environment upon the organism after a response has been made (Skinner, 1969, 5).
Skinner's movement beyond stimulus and response was operant conditioning, described as a process by which a person comes to deal effectively with a new environment. Certain things in the environment are crucial for the survival of the individual and the species, and actions which produce them have survival value. The process of operant conditioning means that behavior with this sort of consequence becomes more likely to occur. The behavior is strengthened by its consequences, and the consequences are therefore reinforcers. Skinner has been misunderstood as holding that all behavior is conditioned so that free will is removed, but his own explanation b
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