hat he seeks to control any segment of the social order. Instead, he speaks of both black and white citizens as a potential audience for his message, with some offering support and others being unmoved.
Schneider seeks an answer to the questions of whether Washington was an accommodationist and how black Bostonians defended Washington by examining the writings of Washington's biographer, Louis R. Harlan, writings by Harlan and Raymond L. Smock, and essays by August Meier. Schneider notes that all these writers see Washington not simply as an accommodationist as charged. Schneider says that Washington did fight "a secret and dirty war against his northern opponents who denounced him as such" (Schneider 58), though it is not clear why Schneider sees in this fact any evidence as to the truth of the charge itself. Yet, Schneider does speak as if the fact that Washington fought back gives credence to the charges, and Schneider further says that much of what Washington said was "fraught w
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