The role of the myth in poetry is to give the poem structural focus and thematic direction. Myth may be integrated into the poem to give it logic and pattern. A mythic structure creates a framework in which the character, mood, or imagery may be established quickly. More than any other form of communication, poetry depends on the ability of the words, form, and structure to convey feelings. In conveying feelings, poetry deals with matters which concern the ordinary person. Communicating the essential and integral parts of the meaning of a poem to the reader is easier when a familiar pattern, such as a myth, provides the framework or background.
Ulysses is a well-known mythical figure from Homer's Odyssey and Dante's Inferno. "Ulysses," written by Lord Alfred Tennyson, was published in 1842, following a 10-year hiatus, as part of a group of poems. In Tennyson's "Ulysses," the structure and historical background provided by the myth established the attitude and imagery of his poem. "Ulysses" is a dramatic soliloquy. Within this work, the soliloquy is a powerful poetic form. Also, the thoughts expressed by Tennyson's Ulysses are consistent with the thoughts and feelings ascribed to the mythical hero described by Homer. The reader is not surprised that Ulysses is restless and seeking one final voyage.
In "Ulysses," Tennyson treats the monologue as part of the continuing story implied by the original myth. Using the mythical monologue, Tennyson is able to develop clearly certain thoughts, feelings, and forms for Ulysses. Using the soliloquy for artistic effect, he gives "Ulysses" a lyrical feeling and dramatic quality. Structurally, the narrative of the poem divides naturally into two parts. In the first part, lines 1-43, the aging king is reflecting on his past travel and glory. He describes his current situation, his subjects, wife and son, and attitude. He is picturing his old age.
In lines 44-70, ...